Pencil and method of making same.



F. H. LIPPINGOTT.

PENCIL AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25, 190m Patehted 0013.19,.1909.

WITNESSES INVENTOR ANDREW. B. GRAHAM co. Pflom-umogmvkuia WAsmNawM. o. c.

NTE

srs Pas FISHER I-I. LIPPINCO'IT, OF PHILADELPHIA,

1 FICE.

PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO LIPPIN- PENNSYLVANIA.

PENCIL AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME.

To all whom "it may concern:

Be it known that I, FISHER I-I. LIPPINCOTT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pencils and Methods of Making the Same, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to pencils and particularly to propelling or other pencils wherein the forward portion .of the holder is provided with a ferrule or bushing which surrounds the lead adjacent the protruding writing point thereof.

In the manufacture of propelling pencils of the character shown in Letters Patent No. 613,452, granted to me November 1, 1898 it has been found to be necessary to their most satisfactory operation to provide the holders thereof with a ferrule or bushing to frictionally engage and support the forward portion of the lead in order to avoid lateral play or movement of the writing point thereof, to prevent accidental or undesired forward displacement of the lead and to so take up or distribute the angular or side strain upon the lead due to the pressure upon the point in Writing that breakage of the lead or the adjacent thin portions of the holder will be avoided.

Heretofore ferrules or bushings in the form of thin tubes of brass, steel or other sheet metal have been employed but their use has been unsatisfactory for many reasons, notably the lack of frictional gripping qualities of metal for the lead, the inability of the metal to adapt or adjust itself to the infinitesimal variations in the diameter of the leads and the fact that when such metal is roughened, broached or scored the raised portions, projections or fins have a tendency to score or cut the lead when pressed against it in writing.

It is the principal object of this invention to provide a pencil having a ferrule or bushing disposed within the holder, which will wholly avoid the objections noted and a further object of the invention contemplates the provision of a novel method of manufacturing such pencil.

After long experiment I have discovered that a tube of fibrous material suitably secured within the point of the holder, and particularly a tube of spirally wound rope or fiber paper thus positioned is admirably Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 25, 1908.

Patented Oct. 19, 1909. Serial No. 440,333.

adapted for use for the purpose stated, particularly when the inner surface of such tube is broached or roughened. I have also discovered a convenient and inexpensive method of manufacturing a pencil provided with a bushing of the character set forth.

I will now describe my invention with relation to the accompanying drawing illustrating a preferred embodiment thereof, and in which,

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a rolled paper bushing consisting of two layers of spirally wound strips of fiber paper. Fig. 2 is a placing pin which I employ in positioning the bushings in the holders. Fig. 3 is a pencil slat showing placing pins and bushings positioned thereon. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the forward portion of a pencil embodying my invention and Fig. 5 is a cross sectional View on line 55 of Fig. 4.

In the drawing 1 designates a rolled paper bushing formed of inner and outer layers 2 and 3 made of spirally wound narrow strips of thin fiber paper secured together by an intermediate layer of glue or other suitable adhesive. The bushing shown is formed by spirally winding narrow strips of paper upon a forming rod or mandrel, the edges of the strips preferably abutting to form a tube therefrom, and thereafter spirally winding upon the portion of the tube thus formed and over the abutting edges of said strips a second layer of spirally wound paper strips, to the inner surface of which glue or other suitable adhesive has been applied, so that, upon the hardening of the adhesive there is provided a tube having sufficient strength and rigidityto suitably support a pencil lead to prevent breakage thereof and of the adjacent thin portions of the holder. The tube thus formed possesses suflicient elasticity or resiliency to readily adapt or adjust itself to the minute variations in the diameter of the leads and exerts sufficient frictional gripping action upon the lead to maintain the same in position with just the requisite degree of pressure thereon. By roughening or scoring the inner surface of the tube or bushing, as indicated at 4 in Fig. 1, the resiliency and frictional gripping qualities of the bushing are still further enhanced.

, While I prefer to employ tubes formed in the manner described it is to be understood that my invention is not limited thereto but in its generic aspect contemplates broadly forming the tubes in any other manner, as by pressing paper stuff, pulp or similar 5 fibrous plastic material through an annular tube-forming slot or die or by molding such plastic material or by rolling sheets of teX- tile material upon itself or by spirally winding strips of fibrous material into a single layer or roll or otherwise producing a tube of fibrous material adapted in size to surround and support a pencil lead.

In the construction of my improved pencil I cut the tubes of fibrous material into suitable lengths and insert through the resuling bushings the reduced portion 5 of the placing pin 6 provided with the head 7 and position the placing pins and bushings in the lead grooves of a pencil slat 8 as indio cated in Fig. 3, the outer surface of the bushings being first coated with glue or other suitable adhesive. A second pencil slat is then superimposed upon the slat 8, glue or other suitable adhesive having been applied to the contacting faces of the slats in accordance with the customary practice in the art and the said slats maintained in position until the adhesive has hardened or set. The placing pins are then withdrawn and the lead channel will be found to be substantially clear and open. The slats are then separated into pencil holders within which the lead is later inserted. Before inserting the lead, I have found it advant'ageous to insert within the lead channel or bore in the pencil holder, a long slender drill or broacher which effectively roughens the inner portion of the bushing or ferrule 1 and clears or cleans out the bore in the 40 holder preparatory to inserting the lead therein. The pencil is then finished in the manner heretofore practiced and the lead inserted.

I have found that a tube constructed of as paper having long fiber is particularly efiicaaims in use. I have also found that it is advantageous to employ in the manufacture of my ferrule or bushing a fibrous material which swells upon being moistened so that a lead of unusually small diameter may be satisfactorily employed with my ferrules or bushings by simply moistening the latter. Sized fiber paper of medium weight possesses both of the qualities enumerated and I have found that bushings formed of narrow strips of this material in the manner hereinbefore recited are admirably adapted for use for the purpose stated.

While I have illustrated the bushings as consisting of relatively short tubes of fibrous material, it is to "be understood that they may be made of any desired length and, when used in non-propelling pencils of the ordinary character, may extend throughout as the entire or a material portion of the length of the holder, in which case the lead is preferably glued within the bushing. It will be apparent that where bushings of the character last mentioned are employed they will at all times surround and support the lead at the forward portion of the holder, irrespective of the length of said holder or the amount thereof whittled away and will serve to prevent breakage of the lead and sharpened portion of the holder as hereinbefore described.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. A pencil comprising a body having a bore for the reception of the marking element, a ferrule or bushing located in the forward end of the bore and comprising a tube of fibrous material, adhesive material permanently securing the outer face of said tube to the inner surface of the body, and a marking element located in the bore of the body and passing through the ferrule or bushing.

2. A pencil provided with a ferrule or bushing adjacent the forward end thereof, said ferrule or bushing comprising a tube expansible under the influence of moisture, and means permanently securing said ferrule or bushing to and within the body of the pencil.

A pencil comprising a body having a bore for the reception of the marking element, a ferrule or bushing located in the forward end thereof and comprising a tube of paper, adhesive material permanently securing said tube against movement within the forward end of the body, and a marking element slidably located in the bore of the body and passing through the ferrule or bushing.

4. A pencil comprising a body having a bore for the reception of the marking element, a ferrule or bushing located in the for- 5 ward end of the bore and comprising a tube of paper fitted snugly in said bore, glue securing the outer surface of the tube to the internal wall of the body, the internal surface'of said ferrule or bushing being roughened, and a marking element slidably located in the bore of the body and slidably passing through the ferrule or bushing.

5. The herein described process which consists in inserting a placing or positioning tool in a ferrule or bushing, coating the outer portion of said ferrule or bushing with an adhesive, applying the tool and ferrule or bushing to the lead groove of a pencil slat, gluing a second pencil slat upon the first named slat and withdrawing the placing or positioning tool.

6. The herein described process which consists in inserting a placing or positioning tool in a ferrule or bushing, applying an adhesive to the outer portion of said ferrule or bushing, positioning the tool and ferrule or bushing within the open groove of a pencil slat, gluing a second pencil slat upon the first named slat, withdrawing the placing or positioning tool and operating a drill or broacher Within said tube section.

7. In the herein described process, the steps of inserting a positioning tool within a tube section, placing said tool and tube section within the lead groove of a pencil slat, securing a second slat in position above the said first named slat, and removing said positioning tool.

8. The herein described process, which consists in inserting a positioning tool within a ferrule or bushing, placing said tool and ferrule or bushing longitudinally in the lead groove of a pencil slat, with the ferrule or bushing at one end of said groove and the 15 tool projecting from the other end, securing a second slat in position above the first slat and removing the positioning tool from the end from which it projects.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature 20 in presence of two witnesses.

FISHER H. LIPPINCOTT.

Witnesses EMERSON CONRAD, IRENE MACKAY. 

